This evaluation study report by the Programme Evaluation Organisation, Planning Commission attempts to document the major achievements in rural water services under Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission. It does so by assessing the extent of coverage and access to improved services in the rural areas.

It assesses the institutional arrangements put in place by the State Governments for implementation and performance of the Mission and evaluates its overall impact on the rural habitations, especially on women in terms of access to improved water services and awareness. It identifies the measures adopted for ensuring the sustainability of the surface water and groundwater sources. 

Under the study, sampling of the five study states (Assam, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, West Bengal) and ten districts was done by the Planning Commission. Two blocks in each sample district were selected based on the largest number of completed schemes. In each block, three Gram Panchayats and from each Gram Panchayat, four habitations were selected.

The study schedules for various stakeholders containing a judicious mix of questions seeking quantitative and qualitative information were developed and supplied by the Planning Commission.

The study recommendations include -

• In the light of the fact that in most cases, the Village Water and Sanitation Committees (VWSCs) are non-functional, the first step would therefore be to revitalize these committees and build the capacity of their members. Only then, the goals and objectives of the Mission can be realized.
• In the light of the study revealing a near total absence of community involvement (what to talk of the involvement of women), it becomes crucial to engage specialist agencies for capacity building of VWSC members. Only then, the needs and aspirations of the rural poor can be fulfilled.
• It would be worthwhile to take-up focused and sustained IEC campaigns to educate the communities on the various aspects and issues related to drinking water, sanitation and hygiene. This would also motivate the communities, especially the women for their active involvement in all aspects of the Mission, including its operation & maintenance. For the purpose, experienced professional agencies may be hired to develop appropriate and effective IEC tools.
• There is an urgent need to organize relevant training programs for the village level PRI members so as to motivate them for their active involvement in all aspects of the Mission. For the purpose, professional training agencies may be hired.
• The program managers may consider a separate and adequate budgetary provision, besides deputing a team of dedicated staff for ensuring timely repairs and preventive maintenance of the assets created under the project.
• In view of less than two-fifth (36 per cent) of the sample GPs having installed rainwater harvesting structures, there is an urgent need for renewed impetus in taking-up this important water conservation measure in a serious manner.
• In order to ensure effectiveness and long-term sustainability of the rural water supply schemes under the Mission, it is imperative to design State-specific plans of action keeping in mind the needs and aspirations of the rural populations.

Download the report here -