This paper published in the journal Current Science discusses the various factors that impact effective water quality management in rural India. The article informs that access to safe drinking water remains an urgent necessity, as 30% of urban and 90% of rural households still depend completely on untreated surface or groundwater.
While access to drinking water in India has increased over the past decade, the tremendous adverse impact of unsafe water on health continues. It is estimated that about 21% of communicable diseases in India are water related.
Although some degree of intervention in terms of chlorination and monitoring of water quality exists in major cities and towns, rural India, which constitutes the bulk (70%) of the population, is usually deprived of such interventions. The population in rural India is mainly dependent on the groundwater as a source of drinking water. As a quality concern the groundwater is often found to be contaminated with fluoride, arsenic, iron and salts. In recent years, fluorosis has emerged as major public health issue in rural India.Read More
This report by the 
This article by Sangeeta Deogawanka in the 
This set of case studies (in hindi), details the work of Megh Pyne Abhiyan and their network partners - Gramyasheel and Samta, in organising safe drinking water in participation with the local village communities, in the flood affected West Champaran, Supaul and Khagaria districts of Bihar.