Artificial Recharge

This report by Central Ground Water Board presents a compilation of case studies on rainwater harvesting and artificial recharge and impact of such measures in ameliorating problems related to groundwater. Groundwater caters to the demand of ever growing domestic, agricultural and industrial sector of the country and is being indiscriminately exploited by several users. On the other hand, rapid urbanization and land use changes has resulted in reduced natural infiltration or recharge of aquifers.

This has led to various problems related to quantity and quality and issues like the decline in water levels, depletion of groundwater resource and quality deterioration. There is thus an imperative need for augmenting the valuable groundwater resource. Artificial recharge and roof top rainwater harvesting is one such method that can revive this precious resource. Several traditional and scientifically proven artificial recharge and rainwater harvesting techniques have been adopted in different parts of the country. These structures have proven to be viable option for augmenting the groundwater aquifers by making use of surplus surface runoff.

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This report by Central Ground Water Board presents the groundwater scenario in twenty eight major cities of the country based on a consolidation of the urban studies carried out by it. It covers varying groundwater scenarios in the country including the highly developed metros, the hilly region, the coastal cities, the cities tapping unconsolidated and hard rock aquifers. The report briefly describes the administrative set up, status of water supply and demand, groundwater scenario, feasibility of rainwater harvesting and groundwater development strategy.

It is an updated version of an earlier report on “Groundwater in urban environment in India” (2000). Since then, groundwater regime, urban demography and water demand have changed enormously. This report will form a scientific base for an in-depth understanding of urban groundwater system including aquifer geometry, water level behavior and groundwater quality. The possibility of artificial recharge to rejuvenate the urban aquifers has also been discussed.

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Green Systems has prepared this report on the possibilities of creating a system for the recharge of groundwater for the Devi Ratn Hotel in Jaipur, Rajasthan. The proposal is an in-depth study of the geo-morphological setup of the area; there are also findings on geology and hydrology and the area's climate and rainfall and groundwater resources.

The final proposal is based on these findings and consists of a series of diagrams that not only suggest the design of various recharge structures but also their placements around the hotel site.

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This study by SK Sharma and Green Systems, details the current situation of the National Capital Region (NCR) area, in terms of geohydrology, climate and water usage. It also explains the various laws that have been put in place to increase groundwater replenishment.

With this information, the author makes a series of proposals to recharge the groundwater in the NCR. The NCR consists of parts of the states of Rajasthan, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, besides New Delhi itself. The rapid urbanisation of these areas is leading to water being consumed at a pace, far greater than its replenishment.

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