Data and Statistics - Rivers

Integrated hydrological data book (non-classified river basins) by Central Water Commission, Ministry of Water Resources

This data book published by Central Water Commission (CWC) is a compendium of important hydrological information on major basins in India. It provides updated site wise data for 12 non-classified basins that covers aspects such as location, drainage area, population, temperature, average runoff, seasonal water flow, historical water levels, average sediment load, water quality parameters and land use statistics. The statistics of year 2006-07 to 2009-10 are used as the base for the data mentioned in the book.

Water quality monitoring of lakes in and around Bangalore city - A report by KSPCB (2001)

This report by the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) both in Kannada and English highlights the deteriorating condition of the lakes in and around Bangalore city and describes the efforts undertaken by the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board to launch a programme to monitor the water quality of some of the lakes in Bangalore so as to focus the attention of concerned governmental organisations to take up remedial measures to safe guard the water bodies of the "Garden City".

Status of water quality in India – Reports by the Central Pollution Control Board for 2007, 2008 and 2009

This post presents reports on the status of water quality in India by the Central Pollution Control Board, Ministry of Environment and Forests for the years 2007, 2008 and 2009. These reports present the outputs of water quality monitoring done under the project on Monitoring of Indian Aquatic Resources (MINARS). This helps in evaluating the nature and extent of pollution control required, and effectiveness of pollution control measures already in existence. It also helps in drawing the water quality trends and prioritising pollution control efforts.

Water quality hot-spots in rivers of India – A report by Central Water Commission

River Water Quality This report by the Central Water Commission (CWC) attempts to provide the water quality scenario of our rivers and evolve a methodology for identifying hot spots in Indian rivers. The water quality data is based on the average values observed during the last ten years (2001-2011) at 371 monitoring stations of CWC on almost all major, medium and minor rivers in India. In respect of Dissolved Oxygen and Biochemical Oxygen Demand, the Central Pollution Control Board's classification has been considered for evaluating the hot spot in the rivers.

The physical and chemical quality of river water is important in deciding its suitability for drinking purposes. As such the suitability of river water for potable uses with regard to its chemical quality has to be deciphered and defined on the basis of the some vital characteristics of the water. Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) vide its document IS: 10500:1991, edition 2.2 (2003‐09) has recommended the quality standards for drinking water and these have been used for finding the suitability of river water. On this basis of classification, the natural river water of India has been categorized as desirable, permissible and unfit for human consumption.

Environmental monitoring programme on water quality in Kerala – A report by KSCSTE and CWRDM

water sampling This report by the Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment (KSCSTE) and Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (CWRDM) on water quality monitoring in Kerala covers all its forty four river basins. This is being done under the “Environmental Monitoring Programme on Water Quality” under which samples are being collected both from surface and groundwater sources.

Groundwater sampling stations were fixed after conducting a sanitary survey in the panchayats. Water Quality Information System is being developed using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to manage the water quality from point or non-point source of pollution.

In the first phase of the project, three river basins of Kerala viz. Kabbini, Periyar and Neyyar were monitored. The network was later expanded to basins such as Chaliyar, Kadalundi, Meenachil, Karamana, Anjarakandi, Pamba, Muvattupuzha, Bharatapuzha, and Chalakudy.

Flood hazard zonation of Assam – An atlas by National Remote Sensing Centre

This flood hazard atlas for the State of Assam prepared by the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) is based on an analysis of ten years of multi-temporal satellite datasets acquired during the flood seasons of 1998-2007.

Assam represents a highly flood-prone region characterized by severe hazards of floods. Although occurrence of flood has been an age-old phenomenon in the riverine areas of this region, the extent of damage caused by floods has increased significantly in recent years.

Mangrove wetlands of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Orissa - Atlas by MSSRF

Mangrove1 These state-wise atlases on mangrove wetlands were prepared by the M S Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF) under the India-Canada Environment Facility supported project entitled “Coastal Wetlands: Mangrove Conservation and Management”.

The MSSRF project on fostering the sustainable management of mangrove wetlands in the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Orissa had yielded valuable results on the quantitative and qualitative aspects of mangrove wetlands with particular reference to the impact of anthropogenic pressures on the ecosystem on the one hand, and the benefits arising from eco-restoration and mangrove rehabilitation programmes on the other. The data have been compiled in the form of GIS maps which have formed the basis for a series of Atlases.

Water quality status of rivers in India – Report of Central Water Commission

These River Water Quality Reports prepared by the Central Water Commission (CWC) summarise the river water data collected under its long term monitoring programme. The Central Water Commission monitors water quality at 371 key locations covering all the major river basins of India by maintaining a three tier laboratory system for analysis of 41 water quality parameters.

Snow and glaciers of the Himalayas – A study by Indian Space Research Organisation

Cover Page These reports present the findings of a study on “Snow and Glacier Studies” taken up by the Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and executed in collaboration with fourteen research organizations and academic institutions of the country, at the behest of the Ministry of Environment and Forests.

Snow cover for the entire Indian Himalaya has been monitored for four consecutive years from 2004-05 to 2007-08. Himalayan mountains contain important natural resources of frozen fresh water in the form of snow and glaciers. These glaciers are unique as they are located in tropics, high altitude regions, predominantly valley type and many are covered with debris.

The great northern plains of India sustain on the perennial melt of snow and glaciers meeting the water requirements of agriculture, industries, domestic sector even in the months of summer when large tracts of the country go dry. Therefore, it is important to monitor and assess the state of snow and glaciers and to know the sustainability of glaciers in view of changing global scenarios of climate and water security of the nation. Any information pertaining to Himalayan glaciers is normally difficult to be obtained by conventional means due to its harsh weather and rugged terrains.

Ganga water quality trend - A report by Central Pollution Control Board (2009)

Ganga water quality trend - A report by Central Pollution Control Board (2009) Water quality of the Ganga as it passes through various states is presented in this document. The data has been collected over a period of many years from 39 water quality monitoring stations along the main river and 102 stations on its tributaries which were setup in 2008/09.

The study focuses on the parameters for dissolved oxygen, (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and faecal coliforms (FC) as these indicate the biological health of the river. The period of study for the river Ganga is 1999-2008. The study finds that most of the water quality parameters studied do not meet the standards.

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